Recycling fertilizers from human excreta exhibit high nitrogen fertilizer value and result in low uptake of pharmaceutical compounds

Recycling nutrients is essential for closing nutrient loops within a circular economy. Using locally available resources such as human excreta to produce bio-based recycling fertilizers can substitute mineral and thereby promote environmentally friendly food production. To better understand the fertilizer potential nitrogen value of excreta, three novel safe products were evaluated in field experiment. Two nitrified urine (NUFs) one fecal compost applied alone or combination, compared against commercial organic vinasse. In addition, uptake pharmaceuticals was assessed treatments with application. White cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var . capitata f. alba ) cultivated plots different soil types (sand, loam silt) treated according plant needs content. The two NUFs resulted marketable yields similar those vinasse all types. Combining NUF led increased yield alone. highest recorded from sandy soil, where comparable yields, expected productions systems (up 72 t ha ?1 ). total aboveground fresh biomass followed following trend soils: ? ? + compost. Nitrogen heads significantly higher sand (69.5–144 kg than (71.4–95.8 All alleviated effect type Plant (Carbamazepin) loam, concentration edible part lower outer leaves. conclusion, appears be promising successful horticultural combined application slightly crop but may increase carbon content long term, promoting climate-friendly